源码 / Ch22/Editor/Ch22Shots.cs
Ch22/Editor/Ch22Shots.cs
// 第 22 章配图 using System.Collections.Generic; using Cookbook.Core; using UnityEditor; using UnityEngine; using UnityEngine.Rendering; using UnityEngine.Rendering.Universal; namespace Cookbook.Ch22 { static class Ch22Shots { // DecalRendererFeature 及其设置类在 URP 14 里是 internal 的：编辑器里在 Renderer 资源上点 Add Renderer Feature › Decal 即可； // 代码里只能用反射创建，再通过 SerializedObject 改它的序列化字段（与 Inspector 改的是同一份数据）。 // technique: 0 Automatic / 1 DBuffer / 2 ScreenSpace；surfaceData: 0 Albedo / 1 AlbedoNormal / 2 AlbedoNormalMAOS static ScriptableRendererFeature AddDecalFeature(Shot s, int technique, int surfaceData = 2, int normalBlend = 1) { var type = typeof(ScriptableRendererFeature).Assembly.GetType("UnityEngine.Rendering.Universal.DecalRendererFeature"); var feature = (ScriptableRendererFeature)ScriptableObject.CreateInstance(type); feature.name = "Decal"; var so = new SerializedObject(feature); so.FindProperty("m_Settings.technique").enumValueIndex = technique; so.FindProperty("m_Settings.dBufferSettings.surfaceData").enumValueIndex = surfaceData; so.FindProperty("m_Settings.screenSpaceSettings.normalBlend").enumValueIndex = normalBlend; so.ApplyModifiedPropertiesWithoutUndo(); s.Temp.Add(feature); s.Renderer.rendererFeatures.Add(feature); s.Renderer.SetDirty(); return feature; } static Material UrpDecalMat(Shot s, Texture2D baseMap, Texture2D normal = null, bool angleFadeGraph = false) { // URP 包自带的 Decal Shader Graph（Packages/.../Shaders/Decal.shadergraph），属性：Base_Map / Normal_Map / Normal_Blend var m = s.Mat(angleFadeGraph ? "Cookbook/Ch22/DecalAngleFade" : "Shader Graphs/Decal"); m.SetTexture("Base_Map", baseMap); if (normal != null) { m.SetTexture("Normal_Map", normal); m.SetFloat("Normal_Blend", 1f); } else m.SetFloat("Normal_Blend", 0f); m.enableInstancing = true; // Decal 系统按材质分批用 GPU Instancing 绘制 return m; } static DecalProjector UrpDecal(Material m, Vector3 pos, Vector3 euler, Vector3 size, float opacity = 1f) { var go = new GameObject("Decal Projector"); go.transform.SetPositionAndRotation(pos, Quaternion.Euler(euler)); var d = go.AddComponent<DecalProjector>(); d.material = m; d.size = size; // x/y = 贴花宽高，z = 投影深度 d.pivot = new Vector3(0, 0, size.z * 0.5f); // 默认：盒子从投影器位置向前延伸 d.fadeFactor = opacity; return d; } // ---------- 场景素材 ---------- static Material Concrete(Shot s, float tile = 6f) { var m = s.Lit(new Color(0.95f, 0.95f, 0.95f), 0, 0.2f); m.SetTexture("_BaseMap", DecalTextures.Concrete); m.SetTextureScale("_BaseMap", new Vector2(tile, tile)); return m; } static Material Brick(Shot s, float tile = 2f) { var m = s.Lit(Color.white, 0, 0.2f); m.SetTexture("_BaseMap", s.CoreTex("bricks_albedo")); m.SetTexture("_BumpMap", s.CoreTex("bricks_normal")); m.EnableKeyword("_NORMALMAP"); m.SetTextureScale("_BaseMap", new Vector2(tile, tile)); return m; } static GameObject Box(Shot s, Material m, Vector3 pos, Vector3 size, float yaw = 0) { var c = s.Cube(m, pos); c.transform.localScale = size; c.transform.rotation = Quaternion.Euler(0, yaw, 0); return c; } static void Stairs(Shot s, Material m, Vector3 origin, int steps = 3) { for (int i = 0; i < steps; i++) Box(s, m, origin + new Vector3(0, 0.15f + i * 0.15f, i * 0.45f), new Vector3(2.4f, 0.3f + i * 0.3f, 0.45f)); } /// 用 12 根细棍画出盒子的线框（示意投影体） static void BoxGizmo(Shot s, Transform t, Color c, float w = 0.015f) { var m = s.Mat("Universal Render Pipeline/Unlit"); m.SetColor("_BaseColor", c); for (int axis = 0; axis < 3; axis++) for (int a = -1; a <= 1; a += 2) for (int b = -1; b <= 1; b += 2) { var local = new Vector3(); int i1 = (axis + 1) % 3, i2 = (axis + 2) % 3; local[i1] = a * 0.5f; local[i2] = b * 0.5f; var p = t.TransformPoint(local); var dir = t.TransformVector(Vector3.zero.With(axis, 1f)); var stick = s.Cube(m, p); stick.transform.rotation = Quaternion.LookRotation(dir.normalized, Mathf.Abs(Vector3.Dot(dir.normalized, Vector3.up)) > 0.9f ? Vector3.forward : Vector3.up); stick.transform.localScale = new Vector3(w, w, dir.magnitude); stick.GetComponent<MeshRenderer>().shadowCastingMode = ShadowCastingMode.Off; } } static Vector3 With(this Vector3 v, int i, float x) { v[i] = x; return v; } // ---------------------------------------------------------------- 22.1 [BookShot("ch22-urp-decal", W = 960, H = 520)] static void UrpDecalShot(Shot s) { AddDecalFeature(s, 1); s.Floor(Concrete(s, 10), 20); var stone = Concrete(s, 1.5f); Stairs(s, stone, new Vector3(-0.6f, 0, 0.6f)); var crate = Box(s, s.Lit(new Color(0.55f, 0.42f, 0.28f), 0, 0.3f), new Vector3(1.9f, 0.45f, -0.1f), new Vector3(0.9f, 0.9f, 0.9f), -20); // 警示条纹：从正上方投到台阶边缘，覆盖踏面与竖直的踢面 UrpDecal(UrpDecalMat(s, DecalTextures.Hazard), new Vector3(-0.6f, 1.6f, 0.75f), new Vector3(90, 0, 0), new Vector3(1.8f, 1.0f, 2f)); // 地面箭头 UrpDecal(UrpDecalMat(s, DecalTextures.Arrow), new Vector3(-0.4f, 0.5f, -1.0f), new Vector3(90, 0, 0), new Vector3(0.9f, 1.3f, 1f), 0.9f); // 箱子侧面的弹孔（带法线），投影器水平朝向箱子 var holeMat = UrpDecalMat(s, DecalTextures.BulletHole, DecalTextures.BulletHoleNormal); var fwd = crate.transform.forward; // 箱子 -Z 面朝向相机一侧 var face = crate.transform.position - fwd * 0.45f; foreach (var o in new[] { new Vector2(-0.18f, 0.12f), new Vector2(0.15f, -0.1f), new Vector2(0.05f, 0.25f) }) { var p = face + crate.transform.right * o.x + Vector3.up * o.y - fwd * 0.2f; UrpDecal(holeMat, p, crate.transform.rotation.eulerAngles, new Vector3(0.28f, 0.28f, 0.4f)); } // 血迹：地面 UrpDecal(UrpDecalMat(s, DecalTextures.Blood), new Vector3(1.2f, 0.5f, -1.1f), new Vector3(90, 30, 0), new Vector3(1.1f, 1.1f, 1f), 0.95f); s.SunDir(48, -35, 1.4f); s.LookAt(new Vector3(0.2f, 2.5f, -3.9f), new Vector3(0.3f, 0.35f, 0.2f), 50); } // ---------------------------------------------------------------- 22.2 [BookShot("ch22-dbuffer-vs-ss", W = 640, H = 420, Panels = 2)] static void DBufferVsSS(Shot s) { AddDecalFeature(s, s.Panel == 0 ? 1 : 2); s.Floor(Concrete(s, 10), 20); var wall = Box(s, Brick(s, 1.5f), new Vector3(0, 1.2f, 1.0f), new Vector3(3f, 2.4f, 0.3f)); var holeMat = UrpDecalMat(s, DecalTextures.BulletHole, DecalTextures.BulletHoleNormal); var rnd = new System.Random(3); for (int i = 0; i < 7; i++) { var p = new Vector3(-0.9f + (float)rnd.NextDouble() * 1.8f, 0.7f + (float)rnd.NextDouble() * 1.2f, 0.6f); UrpDecal(holeMat, p, Vector3.zero, new Vector3(0.32f, 0.32f, 0.5f)); } UrpDecal(UrpDecalMat(s, DecalTextures.Hazard), new Vector3(0, 0.6f, 0.2f), new Vector3(90, 0, 0), new Vector3(1.8f, 0.6f, 1f)); s.Point(new Vector3(0.9f, 1.6f, 0.2f), new Color(1f, 0.8f, 0.6f), 1.5f, 3f); s.SunDir(35, -60, 1.2f); s.LookAt(new Vector3(0.4f, 1.5f, -2.6f), new Vector3(0, 1.0f, 0.8f), 48); } // ---------------------------------------------------------------- 22.3 [BookShot("ch22-urp-anglefade", W = 640, H = 420, Panels = 2)] static void UrpAngleFade(Shot s) { AddDecalFeature(s, 1); s.Floor(Concrete(s, 10), 20); var white = s.Lit(new Color(0.75f, 0.75f, 0.75f), 0, 0.3f); Box(s, white, new Vector3(-0.5f, 0.35f, 0.3f), new Vector3(0.8f, 0.7f, 0.8f), 30); s.Sphere(white, new Vector3(0.75f, 0.45f, 0.1f), 0.9f); var m = UrpDecalMat(s, s.CoreTex("uv_grid"), null, s.Panel == 1); var d = UrpDecal(m, new Vector3(0.1f, 1.6f, 0.2f), new Vector3(90, 0, 0), new Vector3(2.6f, 1.6f, 2.0f)); if (s.Panel == 1) { d.startAngleFade = 40f; d.endAngleFade = 70f; } s.SunDir(50, -30, 1.3f); s.LookAt(new Vector3(0, 1.7f, -2.6f), new Vector3(0.1f, 0.35f, 0.2f), 45); } // ---------------------------------------------------------------- 22.4 – 22.7 自写屏幕空间贴花 static Material SSDMat(Shot s, Texture2D tex, Texture2D normal = null, bool lit = true) { var m = s.Mat("Cookbook/Ch22/ScreenSpaceDecal"); m.SetTexture("_BaseMap", tex); if (normal != null) { m.SetTexture("_BumpMap", normal); m.EnableKeyword("_NORMALMAP"); } if (lit) m.EnableKeyword("_DECAL_LIT"); else m.DisableKeyword("_DECAL_LIT"); m.enableInstancing = true; return m; } /// 屏幕空间贴花就是一个挂着贴花材质的单位立方体：位置/旋转/缩放 = 投影盒 static GameObject SSD(Shot s, Material m, Vector3 pos, Vector3 euler, Vector3 size) { var go = s.Cube(m, pos); go.name = "Screen Space Decal"; go.transform.rotation = Quaternion.Euler(euler); go.transform.localScale = size; var r = go.GetComponent<MeshRenderer>(); r.shadowCastingMode = ShadowCastingMode.Off; // 投影盒本身不投影、不接收 r.receiveShadows = false; return go; } static void SSDScene(Shot s) { s.Floor(Concrete(s, 10), 20); var white = s.Lit(new Color(0.7f, 0.7f, 0.72f), 0, 0.3f); Box(s, white, new Vector3(-0.3f, 0.35f, 0.4f), new Vector3(0.7f, 0.7f, 0.7f), 25); s.Sphere(white, new Vector3(0.75f, 0.35f, 0.2f), 0.7f); s.SunDir(50, -30, 1.3f); s.LookAt(new Vector3(0.2f, 1.9f, -2.5f), new Vector3(0.15f, 0.3f, 0.3f), 45); } [BookShot("ch22-ssd-steps", W = 640, H = 420, Panels = 3)] static void SSDSteps(Shot s) { SSDScene(s); var m = SSDMat(s, DecalTextures.Hazard); m.SetFloat("_Debug", s.Panel == 0 ? 1 : (s.Panel == 1 ? 2 : 0)); m.SetFloat("_AngleStart", 89f); m.SetFloat("_AngleEnd", 90f); var box = SSD(s, m, new Vector3(0.1f, 0.5f, 0.3f), new Vector3(90, 0, 0), new Vector3(1.6f, 1.2f, 1.2f)); if (s.Panel < 2) BoxGizmo(s, box.transform, new Color(1f, 0.85f, 0.2f)); } [BookShot("ch22-ssd-anglefade", W = 640, H = 420, Panels = 3)] static void SSDAngleFade(Shot s) { SSDScene(s); var m = SSDMat(s, s.CoreTex("uv_grid")); if (s.Panel == 0) m.SetFloat("_Debug", 3); if (s.Panel == 1) { m.SetFloat("_AngleStart", 89f); m.SetFloat("_AngleEnd", 90f); } if (s.Panel == 2) { m.SetFloat("_AngleStart", 40f); m.SetFloat("_AngleEnd", 70f); } SSD(s, m, new Vector3(0.1f, 0.5f, 0.3f), new Vector3(90, 0, 0), new Vector3(1.6f, 1.2f, 1.2f)); } [BookShot("ch22-ssd-lit", W = 640, H = 420, Panels = 2)] static void SSDLit(Shot s) { s.Floor(Concrete(s, 10), 20); Box(s, s.Lit(new Color(0.6f, 0.6f, 0.62f), 0, 0.3f), new Vector3(-0.6f, 0.6f, 0.6f), new Vector3(0.5f, 1.2f, 0.5f)); var m = SSDMat(s, DecalTextures.Hazard, null, s.Panel == 1); SSD(s, m, new Vector3(0.0f, 0.1f, 0.0f), new Vector3(90, 0, 0), new Vector3(1.4f, 1.4f, 0.6f)); s.SunDir(32, 135, 1.5f); // 让柱子的影子斜穿过贴花 s.LookAt(new Vector3(0.3f, 1.8f, -2.3f), new Vector3(0, 0, 0.1f), 45); } // ---------------------------------------------------------------- 22.8 – 22.9 网格贴花 static Material MeshDecalMat(Shot s, Texture2D tex, Texture2D normal = null) { var m = s.Mat("Cookbook/Ch22/MeshDecal"); m.SetTexture("_BaseMap", tex); if (normal != null) { m.SetTexture("_BumpMap", normal); m.EnableKeyword("_NORMALMAP"); } return m; } [BookShot("ch22-meshdecal-zfight", W = 640, H = 400, Panels = 2)] static void MeshDecalZFight(Shot s) { // 一块倾斜的细分地面（三角形划分与贴花 Quad 不同），贴花 Quad 作为它的子物体放在同一平面上 var ground = s.Grid(Concrete(s, 10), Vector3.zero, 30f, 60); ground.transform.rotation = Quaternion.Euler(-6, 20, 3); var m = MeshDecalMat(s, DecalTextures.HazardClean); m.SetTextureScale("_BaseMap", new Vector2(2, 6)); if (s.Panel == 0) { m.SetFloat("_OffsetFactor", 0); m.SetFloat("_OffsetUnits", 0); } var q = s.Quad(m, Vector3.zero, 1f); q.transform.SetParent(ground.transform, false); q.transform.localPosition = new Vector3(0.37f, 0, 6.13f); q.transform.localRotation = Quaternion.Euler(90, 0, 0); q.transform.localScale = new Vector3(4f, 10f, 1f); s.SunDir(50, -30, 1.3f); var target = q.transform.position; s.LookAt(target + new Vector3(-1.5f, 1.2f, -9f), target, 30); } [BookShot("ch22-meshdecal-clip", W = 640, H = 440, Panels = 2)] static void MeshDecalClip(Shot s) { s.Floor(Concrete(s, 10), 20); var white = s.Lit(new Color(0.75f, 0.74f, 0.72f), 0, 0.35f); var sphere = s.Sphere(white, new Vector3(-0.85f, 0.55f, 0.2f), 1.1f); var cyl = s.Cylinder(white, new Vector3(0.8f, 0.6f, 0.3f), 1); cyl.transform.localScale = new Vector3(0.9f, 0.6f, 0.9f); var targets = new List<MeshFilter> { sphere.GetComponent<MeshFilter>(), cyl.GetComponent<MeshFilter>() }; // 投影盒：一个空物体的 Transform（也可以直接用 DecalProjector 所在的物体） var boxGo = new GameObject("Decal Box"); boxGo.transform.SetPositionAndRotation(new Vector3(-0.85f, 0.65f, -0.5f), Quaternion.identity); // 沿 +Z 朝球投影 boxGo.transform.localScale = new Vector3(0.8f, 0.8f, 1.0f); var mesh = DecalMeshBuilder.Build(boxGo.transform, targets, 80f, 0.002f); var hazardMat = MeshDecalMat(s, DecalTextures.Hazard); if (s.Panel == 0) hazardMat.SetFloat("_DebugColor", 1); s.MeshObj(mesh, hazardMat, Vector3.zero, 1, "Decal Mesh").GetComponent<MeshRenderer>().shadowCastingMode = ShadowCastingMode.Off; // 圆柱上的一组弹孔 var holeMat = MeshDecalMat(s, DecalTextures.BulletHole, DecalTextures.BulletHoleNormal); if (s.Panel == 0) holeMat.SetFloat("_DebugColor", 1); foreach (var p in new[] { new Vector3(0.7f, 0.75f, -0.3f), new Vector3(0.95f, 0.45f, -0.3f), new Vector3(0.62f, 0.35f, -0.3f) }) { var hb = new GameObject("Hole Box"); hb.transform.SetPositionAndRotation(p, Quaternion.identity); hb.transform.localScale = new Vector3(0.3f, 0.3f, 0.6f); var hm = DecalMeshBuilder.Build(hb.transform, targets, 80f, 0.002f); s.MeshObj(hm, holeMat, Vector3.zero, 1, "Hole Mesh").GetComponent<MeshRenderer>().shadowCastingMode = ShadowCastingMode.Off; if (s.Panel == 0) BoxGizmo(s, hb.transform, new Color(1f, 0.85f, 0.2f), 0.008f); } if (s.Panel == 0) BoxGizmo(s, boxGo.transform, new Color(1f, 0.85f, 0.2f), 0.01f); s.SunDir(40, -40, 1.3f); s.LookAt(new Vector3(0, 1.3f, -2.9f), new Vector3(0, 0.5f, 0.2f), 42); } // ---------------------------------------------------------------- 22.10 综合应用 [BookShot("ch22-apps", W = 960, H = 540)] static void Apps(Shot s) { s.Floor(Concrete(s, 12), 24); Box(s, Brick(s, 2.5f), new Vector3(0, 1.5f, 2.0f), new Vector3(6f, 3f, 0.3f)); var barrel = s.Cylinder(s.Lit(new Color(0.2f, 0.32f, 0.45f), 0.6f, 0.45f), new Vector3(1.9f, 0.55f, 1.2f), 1); barrel.transform.localScale = new Vector3(0.7f, 0.55f, 0.7f); // 墙上的弹孔：屏幕空间贴花 + 法线 var hole = SSDMat(s, DecalTextures.BulletHole, DecalTextures.BulletHoleNormal); hole.SetFloat("_BumpScale", 1.5f); var rnd = new System.Random(9); for (int i = 0; i < 9; i++) { var p = new Vector3(-1.6f + (float)rnd.NextDouble() * 1.6f, 0.9f + (float)rnd.NextDouble() * 1.3f, 1.85f); float sz = 0.18f + (float)rnd.NextDouble() * 0.12f; SSD(s, hole, p, new Vector3(0, 0, (float)rnd.NextDouble() * 360), new Vector3(sz, sz, 0.3f)); } // 地上一串脚印：同一个材质、很多个投影盒（可 GPU Instancing） var foot = SSDMat(s, DecalTextures.Footprint); for (int i = 0; i < 8; i++) { float z = -2.4f + i * 0.42f; float x = -0.2f + Mathf.Sin(i * 0.5f) * 0.25f + (i % 2 == 0 ? -0.13f : 0.13f); SSD(s, foot, new Vector3(x, 0, z), new Vector3(90, 8f * Mathf.Sin(i * 0.5f), 0), new Vector3(0.26f, 0.44f, 0.3f)); } // 血迹：跨墙角，用角度衰减让它在墙面上自然收住 var blood = SSDMat(s, DecalTextures.Blood); blood.SetFloat("_AngleStart", 55f); blood.SetFloat("_AngleEnd", 85f); SSD(s, blood, new Vector3(-1.1f, 0.1f, 1.45f), new Vector3(90, 20, 0), new Vector3(1.6f, 1.6f, 0.8f)); // 地面喷漆箭头（URP Decal Projector，与自写贴花混用） AddDecalFeature(s, 1); UrpDecal(UrpDecalMat(s, DecalTextures.Arrow), new Vector3(1.0f, 0.5f, -0.8f), new Vector3(90, -35, 0), new Vector3(0.8f, 1.2f, 1f), 0.85f); // 油桶上的网格贴花（警示标签） var boxGo = new GameObject("Label Box"); boxGo.transform.SetPositionAndRotation(new Vector3(1.9f, 0.6f, 0.6f), Quaternion.identity); boxGo.transform.localScale = new Vector3(0.5f, 0.35f, 0.8f); var label = DecalMeshBuilder.Build(boxGo.transform, new[] { barrel.GetComponent<MeshFilter>() }, 75f, 0.002f); s.MeshObj(label, MeshDecalMat(s, DecalTextures.Hazard), Vector3.zero, 1, "Label"); s.SunDir(42, -25, 1.4f); s.LookAt(new Vector3(-0.2f, 1.9f, -3.6f), new Vector3(0.1f, 0.8f, 0.8f), 52); } } }